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Article Title	Towards operational payments for water ecosystem services in Tanzania: a case study from the Uluguru Mountains
Author	Dosteus Lopa, Iddi Mwanyoka, George Jambiya, Thabit Massoud, Paul Harrison, Mark Ellis-Jones, Tom Blomley, Beria Leimona, Meine van Noordwijk and Neil D. Burgess
Year	2012
Journal Title	Oryx
Institution	Fauna & Flora International
Volume	46
Issue	01
Pages	34-44
Call Number	JA0436-12
Keywords	Africa, direct payments for conservation, Eastern Arc Mountains, payment for ecosystem services, PES, tropical forest, Tanzania, Uluguru Mountains

Abstract:

Sustaining the regular flow of water from mountain forests is important for downstream stakeholders in seasonally dry tropical countries, and a watershed payment for ecosystem services (PES) scheme that links rural ecosystem service providers to urban water users through economic transfers may help to maintain water supply and forest habitat. A CARE/WWF project in the Uluguru Mountains of Tanzania has established a pilot watershed PES scheme. We trace the development of this scheme and outline its initial impacts. Memoranda of Understanding between companies in Dar es Salaam (the downstream water users) and farmers in the mountains provide the framework to deliver tangible financial benefits to local people, help change patterns of land use and potentially improve water quality. A number of lessons learned from this project are relevant for similar schemes elsewhere in the region. Overcoming the various challenges is essential for expanding the current pilot project to a scale where it delivers measurable changes in water quality for downstream users.

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GRP 6: Developing policies and incentives for multifunctional landscapes with trees that provide environmental services

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