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| Title | Jaringan dan Keputusan Migrasi Untuk Penguasaan Lahan Kajian Komunitas Petani Coklat Migran Bugis di Sulawesi Tenggara | | Author | Elok Mulyoutami | | Year | 2014 | | Academic Departement, University | Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor | | City | Bogor, Indonesia | | Number of Pages | 84 | | Departement | Program Studi Teknologi Industri Pertanian | | Degree | Magister Sains | | Call Number | TD0177-15 | | Keywords | spontaneous migration, migration decision making, migration network, Sulawesi, land acquisition, land broker |
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| Abstract: |
Spontaneous rural to rural migration has many impacts on every humanbeing dimension. The wave of migration on the basis of the land thirsty wastriggered by the development of high economic value cash crops. Migration canlead to changes in social and economic spheres, in social and family structure.Those changes followed by changes in livelihood, land distribution, landmanagement and the decision for another migration step. Study of migrationnetworks will contribute to a good portrait of never-ending migration, the relatedactors and their role in facilitating the migration and also influence the decisionfor migration.
The study was conducted at Bugis migrant communities in SoutheastSulawesi. Bugis community were known as the great wanderer and alwayssuccessful in their new area. In Southeast Sulawesi, smallholder cacao plantationwere dominated by the Bugis migrant. Data from Statistic Bureau of Indonesia(2010) showing that cacao production in this province is about 137.833 ton, andthe migrant communities contribute two third from all the production. Researchwas conducted in the destination areas of Bugis migrants (Besulutu sub district,Konawae District) and in the origin areas (Tellu Limpoe sub district, Sinjaidistrict).
The results of the study showed that the main motivation Bugis migrants tothe Southeast Sulawesi is because of land. Waves of Bugis migration to theSoutheast can be defined in three main phases that was characterized bydevelopment of some major commodity in each difference time period. Greenrevolution with paddy development in 1970 – 1980s, cacao booming in early (in1980 s – 2000s) and post phase (2000s until now). Migration decision making ineach time period were based on household or family consideration, is not onlyrely on the individual bases. There were four migration network pattern that wasdeliberate or undeliberately developed by the Bugis migrant community. Kinshipnetwork, patron client relationship, and migration due to work displacement. Thefourth network pattern is the migration by the pioneer migration that wasinhabited Southeast Sulawesi for long time period. The motivation were to expandthe agriculture or plantation land in other areas in Southeast Sulawesi. Family andfriendship network play a very important in the early stages of migration. Anothercentral actor in the migration is the migrant land broker, who becomes the node ofthe network that opens the network to different villages and families. |
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